Which term refers to the practice of refueling an aircraft while the engine is operating?

The term that describes the practice of refueling an aircraft while the engine is operating is hot refueling. This process is typically employed in military aviation and is crucial for certain operations where time efficiency is paramount. Hot refueling allows aircraft to maintain readiness and operational capability while minimizing downtime during missions.

This practice requires strict safety protocols and specialized equipment due to the inherent risks associated with fueling an aircraft with running engines. It contrasts with other types of refueling, such as ground refueling, where the aircraft is usually stationary and engines are off; in-flight refueling, which occurs while the aircraft is in the air; and pre-launch refueling, which typically involves refueling before the aircraft is prepared for takeoff. Understanding the nuances of these terms is critical for anyone involved in aviation maintenance and operations.